Land Registry — SIGEF, SNCI and Settlements (INCRA)¶

License nc — commercial use prohibited

The data from INCRA's Land Registry is public-use data with a commercial-use restriction. The first call emits a UserWarning reminding you of this restriction.

Not reachable from outside Brazil in the environments tested

The certificacao.incra.gov.br host answered normally from Brazil, but did not answer (connection timeout) from GitHub Actions runners nor from any of the 8 international nodes tested on 2026-08-31 (Austria, Cyprus, Finland, Iran, Serbia, Ukraine). If you run agrobr outside Brazil and get httpx.ConnectTimeout on this source, that network restriction is the likely cause — not a library bug. That is why this source's live tests carry the integration_br marker and are excluded from CI.

Overview¶

Item	Detail
Provider	INCRA (Instituto Nacional de Colonizacao e Reforma Agraria)
Data	Certified parcels (SIGEF/SNCI) + settlements
Access	Static shapefile ZIP download
Endpoint	`https://certificacao.incra.gov.br/csv_shp/zip/`
CRS	EPSG:4674 (SIRGAS 2000)
Encoding	DBF latin1 (cp1252)
Update	Continuous (varies by state, exposed via `Last-Modified`)
Authentication	None
License	Commercial use prohibited — `nc`

Coverage by dataset¶

Dataset	Available states	Typical size	Granularity
SIGEF	15/27 (AC, AL, AM, BA, ES, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT, PA, PR, SC, SP, TO)	8-687 MB per state	Per state
SNCI	10/27 (BA, GO, MG, MS, MT, PA, PI, SC, SP, TO)	0.6-22 MB per state	Per state
Settlements	Brazil-wide single	48 MB	Full Brazil, client-side state filter

States not listed raise SourceUnavailableError with the list of available ones. The absence reflects upstream INCRA data, not an agrobr bug.

Public functions¶

import asyncio
from agrobr import acervo_fundiario

async def main():
    # SIGEF — certified parcels post-2013
    df = await acervo_fundiario.sigef("GO")
    df, meta = await acervo_fundiario.sigef("MG", return_meta=True)
    df_pl = await acervo_fundiario.sigef("SP", as_polars=True)
    gdf = await acervo_fundiario.sigef_geo("GO", bbox=(-50, -16, -49, -15))

    # SNCI — certified parcels pre-2013
    df = await acervo_fundiario.snci("GO")
    gdf = await acervo_fundiario.snci_geo("MT")

    # Settlements — Brazil-wide single, uf optional
    df = await acervo_fundiario.assentamentos()             # all states
    df = await acervo_fundiario.assentamentos(uf="GO")      # client-side filter
    gdf = await acervo_fundiario.assentamentos_geo(uf="MG")

asyncio.run(main())

Filesystem cache¶

Downloaded files are stored in ~/.agrobr/cache/acervo_fundiario/{tema}/{UF}.zip with a meta.json alongside containing last_modified, etag, sha256, size_bytes, fetched_at, source_url.

Revalidation uses the server's Last-Modified header: the 2nd call performs a HEAD (~50ms) and reuses the cache if the file has not changed.

Potential cache size:

SIGEF full Brazil (15 states) ≈ 2.4 GB (largest: MG=687 MB, SP=322 MB, PR=287 MB)
SNCI full Brazil (10 states) ≈ 84 MB
Settlements Brazil = 48 MB

On demand. A casual case of 1-3 states usually stays below 1 GB.

Opt-out:

df = await acervo_fundiario.sigef("GO", use_cache=False)

export AGROBR_ACERVO_FUNDIARIO_CACHE_DISABLED=1

Schemas¶

SIGEF¶

Column	Type	Description
codigo_parcela	str	Parcel UUID
rt	str	Technical responsible
art	str	Technical responsibility note
situacao	str	Reported situation
codigo_imovel	str	Rural property code
data_submissao	datetime	Submission date
data_aprovacao	datetime	Approval date
status	str	Certification status
nome_area	str	Area/farm name
registro_matricula	str	Registry record number
registro_data	datetime	Registration date (nullable)
cod_municipio	int	Municipality IBGE code
uf	str	State abbreviation (mapped from IBGE `uf_id`)
geometry	Polygon	Geometry (only in `_geo`)

SNCI¶

Column	Type	Description
num_processo	str	Process number
sr	str	Regional superintendency
num_certificacao	str	Certification number
data_certificacao	datetime	Certification date
area_peca_tecnica	float	Area in hectares (technical document)
cod_profissional	str	Accredited professional code
cod_imovel_rural	str	Rural property code
nome_imovel	str	Property name
uf	str	State abbreviation (from `uf_municip`)
geometry	Polygon	Only in `_geo`

Settlements¶

Column	Type	Description
codigo_sipra	str	Project SIPRA code
nome_projeto	str	Project name
municipio	str	Municipality
uf	str	State abbreviation
area_ha	float	Declared area in hectares
capacidade	int	Family capacity
num_familias	int	Number of settled families
fase	int	Project phase
data_criacao	datetime	Creation date
forma_obtencao	str	Form of acquisition
data_obtencao	datetime	Acquisition date
area_calc_ha	float	Calculated area in hectares
sr	str	Regional superintendency (nullable)
descricao_fase	str	Phase description (nullable)
geometry	Polygon	Only in `_geo`

Filters¶

`bbox`¶

Applied by pyogrio while reading the shapefile (pre-read spatial filter, 4-9x less RAM/time than filtering gdf.cx[] after loading everything).

gdf = await acervo_fundiario.sigef_geo("MG", bbox=(-44, -18, -43, -17))

`uf` in settlements¶

The settlements dataset is Brazil-wide single — the uf filter is client-side, normalizing the uf column (.str.upper().str.strip()) and comparing.

Upstream INCRA data has known invalid states (MB=501 rows, SM=200 rows, 12, 'ma'). The parser does not silently drop these rows — a acervo_fundiario_dirty_uf_data warning log reports the counts. The uf="MG" filter returns only rows with valid MG; the invalid ones remain in the DataFrame when uf=None.

Limitations¶

12 states lack SIGEF (AP, CE, DF, PB, PE, PI, RJ, RN, RO, RR, RS, SE) — no upstream record
17 states lack SNCI — only Center-West/Southeast/South/part of the North are covered
Invalid SSL cert on the server — agrobr uses relaxed TLS (check_hostname=False, verify_mode=CERT_NONE). The server is a public gov.br one.
No private/public distinction — the shapefile has no type field (that was a distinction of the legacy WFS)
Cache size may accumulate into GB — see the "Filesystem cache" section